A PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH TO WILLIAM LYALL’S INTELLECT, THE EMOTIONS AND THE MORAL NATURE

by

GABRIEL FURMUZACHI April 2001

Abstract

In their work The Faces of Reason: An Essay on Philosophy and Culture in English Canada 1850-1950, Leslie Armour and Elizabeth Trott consider that the Canadian way of doing philosophy uses reason in an accommodationist manner.

I propose in this work that William Lyall’s Intellect, the Emotions and the Moral Nature represents a splendid example of the accommodationist use of reason.

The Maritimes philosopher advances the idea that emotions have a cognitive value, a claim which I support by trying to put Lyall’s ideas in a modern framework offered by French philosopher Jean Paul Sartre.

Latent in Lyall’s work can also be found a theory of metaphor which I try to revive with the help of French philosopher Paul Ricoeur.

Thus, following Lyall, emotions and reason are always in a balance and they work together in order to give us a more consistent and fuller grasp of reality.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. WILLIAM LYALL

AN OVERVIEW OF WILLIAM LYALL’S PHILOSOPHY

Philosophy in Canada

Lyall the Philosopher, Lyall the Romantic

Lyall’s Method

Lyall’s Understanding of the Intellect

Emotions, Morality and Being

INTELLECT, EMOTIONS AND IMAGINATION

II. ON EMOTION

FOUR THEORIES OF EMOTION

The Feeling Theory

The Behaviorist Theory

The Psychoanalytic Theory

The Cognitive Theory

FROM LYALL TO SARTRE AND BACK

Sartre: Imagination and Emotions

The Magical World

Lyall and Sartre

III. ON METAPHOR

FOUR THEORIES OF METAPHOR

The Emotive Theory

The Comparison Theory

The Iconic Signification Theory

The Verbal Opposition Theory

TURBAYNE, WHEELWRIGHT AND METAPHORICAL REALITY

Turbayne and The Myth of Metaphor

Philip Wheelwright’s Metaphor and Reality

Epiphor

Diaphor

ENTER RICOEUR!

Reference: Metaphors and Reality

Imagination

LYALL AND METAPHORS

The Emotive Dimension

IV. CONCLUDING REMARKS

APPENDIX

REFERENCES